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Hernias

What are Hernias?

A hernia occurs when an internal organ or tissue pushes through a weak spot or opening in the muscle or tissue that normally holds it in place. Hernias are most commonly found in the abdomen but can also occur in the groin, upper thigh, belly button, or diaphragm. Hernias do not heal on their own and typically require surgical intervention to prevent complications.

Common Types of Hernias

There are several types of hernias, each affecting different areas of the body:

Inguinal Hernia: Occurs in the groin when part of the intestine protrudes through the abdominal wall. This is the most common type of hernia.

Umbilical Hernia: Happens when part of the intestine pushes through the abdominal wall near the belly button.

Hiatal Hernia: Occurs when part of the stomach pushes up through the diaphragm into the chest cavity.

Incisional Hernia: Forms at the site of a previous surgical incision where the muscle has weakened.

Femoral Hernia: Appears in the upper thigh near the groin, more common in women than men.

Ventral Hernia: A type of hernia that occurs when tissue pushes through the abdominal wall in areas other than the groin or belly button.

Diaphragmatic Hernia: This type of hernia occurs when an organ, such as the stomach, pushes up into the chest through a defect in the diaphragm. These hernias can be congenital or acquired and often require prompt surgical treatment.

Symptoms of Hernias

Hernias can cause various symptoms depending on their size and location, including:

Bulging or Swelling: A noticeable bulge at the site of the hernia, especially when standing or straining.

Pain or Discomfort: Especially when lifting, bending, or coughing.

Pressure or Heaviness: In the abdomen or groin.

Nausea or Vomiting: In more severe cases where the hernia becomes trapped or strangulated.

If you experience a sudden increase in pain or any signs of a strangulated hernia, such as nausea, vomiting, or inability to pass gas, seek medical attention immediately.

Causes and Risk Factors​

Hernias can develop due to a combination of muscle weakness and strain. Common causes and risk factors include:

Heavy Lifting or Straining: Lifting heavy objects or straining during bowel movements or urination can increase pressure on the abdominal wall, leading to a hernia.

Chronic Coughing or Sneezing: Repeated coughing or sneezing can weaken the muscles, increasing the risk of developing a hernia.

Obesity: Excess weight puts additional pressure on the abdominal muscles, contributing to the development of hernias.

Pregnancy: The increased pressure on the abdomen during pregnancy can lead to the formation of hernias, particularly in the groin area.

Family History: A family history of hernias can increase the likelihood of developing one.

Previous Surgery or Injury: Previous abdominal surgeries or injuries can weaken the muscle tissue, increasing the risk of hernia formation.

Diagnosing Hernias

Hernias are typically diagnosed through a physical examination by your doctor. The doctor may ask you to stand, strain, or cough to better visualize the hernia. In some cases, imaging tests like ultrasounds, CT scans, or MRIs may be needed to confirm the diagnosis or assess the extent of the hernia.

Treatments for Hernias

At Texas Advanced Surgical & Bariatrics, we offer several options for treating hernias, depending on the size and severity:

Watchful Waiting: In cases of small, painless hernias, doctors may recommend monitoring the hernia to see if it worsens over time.

Lifestyle Changes: For some patients, losing weight, avoiding heavy lifting, and managing constipation can help alleviate hernia symptoms.

Hernia Repair Surgery: For more severe or painful hernias, surgery is the most effective treatment. Hernia repair can be performed as open surgery or laparoscopically, which is a minimally invasive technique that involves smaller incisions and faster recovery times.

What Happens If Left Untreated?​

If left untreated, hernias can enlarge over time and become more painful. In some cases, the hernia may become trapped (incarcerated) or strangulated, cutting off blood flow to the affected tissue or intestines. This is a medical emergency that requires immediate surgery to prevent serious complications like infection or tissue death.

Schedule a Consultation

If you are experiencing symptoms of a hernia or have been diagnosed with one, Texas Advanced Surgical & Bariatrics can provide expert care and effective treatment options. Our experienced team specializes in both minimally invasive and traditional hernia repair surgeries. Schedule a consultation today to learn more about your treatment options and get relief from hernia pain.

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